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var Al = '<p class=\"h3content\">Alabama</p><p class="h3content"><strong>University of Alabama <br />at Birmingham</strong> </p><p><strong>Coral  Lamartiniere, PhD,</strong> Director of Pharmacology and Toxicology,  Program Director of Graduate Training Program in Toxicology, Director of  Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology,  Senior Scientist in the UAB Comprehensive  Cancer Center. He is the Co-Pi of the Brest Cancer and the Environment Research   Center and the PI of the  Project Biomarkers of Exposure.<br /><a href="http://main.uab.edu/show.asp?durki=10207" target="top">more</a></p>';


var Ca = '<p class=\"h3content\">California</p><p>Robert D. Cardiff, M.D., Ph.D. <br />Center  for Comparative Medicine<br />University of California, Davis<br />County  Road 98 and Hutchison Drive<br />Davis CA   95616 <br /></p><p>Dr Russo  is collaborating with Dr Cardiff on the genomic pathology  project.<br /> See: <a href="http://ctrgenpath.net/">http://ctrgenpath.net</a> </p><p><strong>Terumi Kohwi-Shigematsu,  PhD.</strong><br /><strong>Hye-Jung Han, Ph.D., </strong><br /><strong>Yoshinori Kohwi, Ph.D.,</strong><br />Life Sciences  Division<br />Lawrence Berkeley  National Laboratory<br />University of California <br />Berkeley, CA 94720 </p><p>Dr. Kohwi-Shigematsu’s laboratory has a long standing  collaboration with the BCRL due their common interest in the mechanism of metastasis and the role of  chromatin  remodeling an epigenetic  mechanisms in  cancer. <br />See <a href="/bcrl/publications.html">Publications 1975-2008</a></p><p><strong>Paolo Sassone-Corsi, PhD</strong><br />Distinguished Professor and Chair<br />Department of Pharmacology<br />2115 Gillespie Neuroscience<br />University of California, Irvine<br />Irvine, California 92697-4625<br /></p><p>The BCRL has  initiated collaborative works with Dr. Sassone-Corsi in the role of circadian  rhythm and gene methylation in the mammary gland and chemically induced  carcinogenesis.<br /><a href="/bcrl/projects/project9.html">More</a></p>';

var Co = '<p class=\"h3content\">Colorado</p><p><strong>Henry Thompson, PhD</strong><strong> </strong><br />Cancer Prevention Laboratory<br />Department of Horticulture and  Landscape Architecture<br />Colorado State  University<br /></p><p>Dr. Thompson,  Dr. Manni and Drs. Russo’s are  collaborating in a grant awarded by the Komen Promise Grant (KG081632) to evaluate the value of paired  targeting of estrogen-dependent pathways by anti-estrogens and signaling  pathways that are negatively regulated by omega-3 fatty acids to produce a  synergistic chemopreventive effect in women noted to have increased breast  density. The main hypothesis is that ER pathways and PPAR-gamma pathways can be  combined synergistically to reduce carcinogenesis and they plan to test this  hypothesis by investigating the potential benefit of combining tamoxifen or  raloxifene treatment with a diet high in omega-3 fatty acids on breast cancer  development in two animal models and correlate this with a similar analysis in  postmenopausal women at high risk for developing breast cancer. <br /><a href="http://www.hla.colostate.edu/faculty/thompson.htm">More</a></p>';

var DC = '<p class=\"h3content\">Washington  DC</p><p><strong>Peter G.  Shields, M.D.</strong> <br />Professor of Medicine and Oncology <br />Interim Academic Chair, Department of Medicine <br />Deputy Director, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center <br />Georgetown University Medical Center <br />3800 Reservoir Rd. NW LL (s) Level, Room 150 <br />Washington, DC 20057-1465 <br /></p><p>The  BCRL has maintained an active collaboration with Dr Shields’ laboratory in the  area of normal breast development and his laboratory has provided samples of  normal tissue for genomic studies. Dr. Russo has mentored pre- and postdoctoral  researchers in the recognition and classification of the lobular structures in  the human breast.<br /><a href="http://explore.georgetown.edu/people/pgs2/?Action=View&amp;PageTemplateID=147" title="blocked::http://explore.georgetown.edu/people/pgs2/?Action=View&amp;PageTemplateID=147">More</a> <br /><a href="http://lombardi.georgetown.edu/research/areas/cancergenetics/index.htm" title="blocked::http://lombardi.georgetown.edu/research/areas/cancergenetics/index.htm">Program</a> <br /><a href="http://lombardi.georgetown.edu/labpage/Lab-Detail.cfm?userID=360" title="blocked::http://lombardi.georgetown.edu/labpage/Lab-Detail.cfm?userID=360">Lab</a> <br /><a href="http://medicine.georgetown.edu/welcome.htm" title="blocked::http://medicine.georgetown.edu/welcome.htm">Georgetown University Department of Medicine</a> </p>';

var Ma = '<p class=\"h3content\">Massachussetts</p><p><strong>Dr. Gail E. Sonenshein</strong><br />Professor, Department of  Biochemistry<br />Director, <a href="http://www.bumc.bu.edu/whirc/" target="top">Women&#8217;s Health  Interdisciplinary Research   Center</a> <br />Boston   University Medical   School <br />715 Albany Street <br />Boston  MA 02118 USA<br /></p><p>Dr. Russo has long  standing collaborative arrangements with Dr. Gail E. Sonenshein. He is  presently an advisor for Women&#8217;s Health   Interdisciplinary Research Center.<br /><a href="http://www.bumc.bu.edu/busm-bi/researchfaculty/ges/">More</a></p><p class=\"h3content\">North Carolina</p><p><strong>J. Mark Cline, DVM, PhD, DACVP</strong><br />Professor of Pathology/Comparative  Medicine<br />Wake Forest University School of Medicine<br />Medical Center Boulevard<br />Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1040<br />Office 336 716 1564 Fax 336 716 1515</p><p>Dr.  Mark Cline is a long standing collaborator with Dr. Russo in testing the role  of Human Chorionic  Gonadotropin (hCG) in the Molecular Pathway of Cell Differentiation in the  Mammary Gland of Macaca fascicularis. See <a href="/bcrl/publications.html">Publications</a><br /><a href="http://www1.wfubmc.edu/compmed/faculty/cline.htm" target="top">More</a></p>';

var Md = '<p class=\"h3content\">Maryland</p><p><strong>James D. Yager, PhD</strong><br />Edyth H. Schoenrich Professor in Preventive Medicine<br />Senior Associate Dean for Academic Affairs<br />Professor of Toxicology<br />Department of Environmental Health Sciences<br />615 N. Wolfe St.<br />Rm. W1513<br />Baltimore, MD 21205-2179</p><p>Dr. Yager and Dr. Russo have been collaborators for many years, first in the  R01 CA077550  grant entitled Catechol-O-Methyltransferase and Breast Cancer, and more recently sharing expertise in the use of the in vitro/ in vivo model of neoplastic transformation of human breast epithelial  cells  by estrogen. <br /><a href="http://www.ceph.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3434" target="top">More</a></p>';

var Mn = '<p class=\"h3content\">Minnesota</p><p class="h3content">Mayo Clinic Cancer Center</p><p><strong>Sandhya Pruthi</strong><strong>, MD</strong><strong> </strong><br />Assistant Professor of Medicine<strong> </strong><br />Director Breast Diagnostic Clinic<br /><a href="http://ndc.mayo.edu/mayo/research/staff/pruthi_s.cfm" target="top">more</a></p><p><strong>Amy Degnim, MD</strong><strong> </strong><br />Assistant Professor of Surgery<br />Department  of Surgery</p><p><strong>James Ingle, MD</strong><strong> </strong><br />Professor  of Oncology<br />Co-leader,  Women&#8217;s Cancer Program</p><p>Drs. Pruthi, Degnin and  Ingle are collaborating with Dr. Russo  on the NCI Prevention Trial [R21 Ca 124522-01 (Fccc  Irb Protocol #:06-827)] Genomic Markers Of Breast Cancer Prevention Induced By  Hcg In Women At High Risk. The primary objective of this study is to establish the proof of principle that treatment of asymptomatic nulliparous women  carriers of BRCA1 germline mutations with recombinant human chorionic  gonadotropin will change their breast epithelium’s genomic profile to one  similar to that identified in women with a history of early full first term  pregnancy.  <br />See <a href="/bcrl/publications.html">Publications 1975-2008</a></p>';

var Ne = '<p class=\"h3content\">Nebraska</p><p><span class="h3content"><strong>University of Nebraska</strong></span> </p><p><strong>Ercole Cavalieri, DScP</strong> is a Professor in  the Eppley Institute, and Director of the Center for Environmental Toxicology,  Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical  Sciences in the University   of Nebraska. Dr.  Cavalieri was the PI of the Breast Cancer  Center of Excellence funded by the Department of Defense and is an important  collaborator in the project Estrogen and Breast Cancer.<br /><a href="http://www.unmc.edu/eppley/faculty/f_caval.htm" target="top">more</a></p><p><b>Eleanor G. Rogan, PhD</b>, Professor, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases. <a href="http://www.unmc.edu/eppley/faculty/f_rogan.html" target="top">more</a></p>';

var Ny = '<p class=\"h3content\">New York</p><p class=\"h3content\">New York University School of Medicine</p><p><b>Alan A. Arslan, MD<br />Ilana Belitskaya-Levy, Ph.D. <br />Paolo Toniolo, MD<br />Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, MD </b><br />New York University School of Medicine<br />Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology<br />550 First Avenue,  NBV-9E2<br />New York, NY   10016<br /></p><p>Drs. Toniolo, Aslan,  Belitskaya-Levy and Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, are investigators of the Research  Project Characterization and Validation of Genomic Expression Signature of  Pregnancy. This study is Sponsored by Avon Foundation  and performed in collaboration the Mammography Department, Sunderby Hospital,  Luleå, Sweden,  University Hospital,  Umeå, Sweden (<a href="http://gesicapre.fccc.edu" target="_blank">GSP</a>). The  genomic signature of pregnancy will be validated in a separate test group of  never pregnant versus never pregnant women from the same study population. <br />See <a href="/bcrl/projects/project11.html">Characterization and  Validation of Genomic Expression Signature of Pregnancy</a></p><p class=\"h3content\"><strong>New York University</strong> <strong>College of Dentistry</strong></p><p><strong>Joseph Guttenplan, MS, PhD, </strong>Professor of Basic Sciences (Biochemistry), Director of the Office of  Research Department: Basic Sciences. Dr Guttenplan is a collaborator in the  project estrogen and breast cancer and has been one of the members of the  consortium created for eth breast Cancer Center of Excellence funded by the  Department of Defense.<br /><a href="http://www.med.nyu.edu/cgi-bin/oph?name=id%3djbg1" target="top">more</a></p><p><b>Mary Snow Wolff, PhD</b>, Professor, Community and Preventive Medicine, Professor Oncological Sciences. She is the Co-PI of the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Center.<br /><a href=\"http://www.mountsinai.org/Find%20A%20Faculty/profile.do?id=0000072500001497126332\" target=\"top\">more</a></p><p class=\"h3content\">Troy, New York</p><p><strong>Mark S. Rea, PhD</strong><strong> </strong><br />Lighting Research   Center <br /><a href="http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/" target="top">Rensselaer  Polytechnic Institute</a><br />21 Union St., Troy,   NY 12180 <br /><br /><strong>Mary Cimo</strong><br />Manager of Research  Communications</p><p>Dr. Rea and his group have  maintained an active collaboration with the BCRL in studying the role of  circadian rhythm on the mammary gland.<br />See <a href="/bcrl/projects/project9.html">Circadian Rhythm and Mammary Gland Development</a><br /><a href="http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/researchAreas/healthVision.asp">More</a></p><p class=\"h3content\">Rochester, New York</p><strong>Paige Lawrence, Ph.D.</strong><br />Associate Professor<br />Departments of Environmental Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology<br />University of Rochester School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry<br />575 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850<br />MRBX Room 3-11108<br />Rochester, NY 14642 USA<br /></p><p>The BCRL has established  collaboration with Dr Page’s laboratory to study the role of TCDD exposure in  mammary gland development. This collaborative study is part of the scientific  outreach program of the Research Project: The Breast Cancer and the  Environment Research Center (BCERC) (Link to Research Projects), an NCI-NIEHS-sponsored program. Dr  Russo is also acting as a consultant in the the grant  of Betina J. Lew  awarded by  <a href="http://www.artbecause.org/" target="top">ArtbeCause</a>.<br /><a href="http://www2.envmed.rochester.edu/envmed/TOX/faculty/lawrence.html" target="top">More</a></p>';

var Nc = '<p class=\"h3content\">North Carolina</p><p><a name="OLE_LINK1" id="OLE_LINK1"><strong>J. Mark Cline, DVM, PhD, DACVP</strong></a><br />Professor of Pathology/Comparative  Medicine<br />Wake Forest University School of Medicine<br />Medical Center Boulevard<br />Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1040<br />Office 336 716 1564 Fax 336 716 1515</p><p>Dr.  Mark Cline is a long standing collaborator with Dr. Russo in testing the role  of Human Chorionic  Gonadotropin (hCG) in the Molecular Pathway of Cell Differentiation in the  Mammary Gland of Macaca fascicularis. See <a href="/bcrl/publications.html">Publications</a><br /><a href="http://www1.wfubmc.edu/compmed/faculty/cline.htm" target="top">More</a></p>';

var Oh = '<p class=\"h3content\">Ohio</p><p class="h3content"><strong>University of Cincinnati</strong></p><p><strong>Frank M. Biro, MD</strong>,  is the Director of Education and a Professor of Clinical Pediatrics in the  Division of Adolescent Medicine at Cincinnati Children\'s Hospital. He is  involved in the project Biomarkers of Exposure.<a href="http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/svc/find-professional/b/frank-biro.htm" target="top">more</a></span></p><p><strong>Susan Pinney, PhD</strong> is an  associate professor at the University of Cincinnati and is involved in the Project Biomarkers of Exposure<br /><a href="http://healthnews.uc.edu/experts/?/2970/2972/" target="top">more</a></p>';


var Pa = '<p class=\"h3content\">Pennsylvania</p><p><strong>Andrea Manni, M.D.</strong><strong> </strong><br />Professor of Medicine<br />Chief, Division of Endocrinology,<br />Diabetes, and Metabolism<br />Penn State   University <br />College of Medicine <br />500    University Drive,  H044<br />Hershey, PA  17033 </p><p>Dr. Manni and Drs. Russo are collaborating under a grant  awarded by the Susan G. Komen Foundation, the Komen  Promise Grant (KG081632<strong>), </strong>to evaluate the value of paired targeting of estrogen-dependent  pathways by anti-estrogens and signaling pathways that are negatively regulated  by omega-3 fatty acids to produce a synergistic chemopreventive effect in women  noted to have increased breast density. The main hypothesis is that ER pathways  and PPAR-gamma pathways can be combined synergistically to reduce  carcinogenesis. They plan to test this hypothesis by investigating the  potential benefit of combining tamoxifen or raloxifene treatment with a diet  high in omega-3 fatty acids on breast cancer development in two animal models,  and correlate this with a similar analysis in postmenopausal women at high risk  for developing breast cancer. </p>';




var Tn='<p class=\"h3content\">Tennessee</p><p class="h3content"><strong>University of Memphis</strong></p><p><strong>Thomas  R. Sutter, PhD</strong>, is Professor and W. Harry Feinstone Chair  of Excellence in Functional Genomics, Director, W. Harry Feinstone Center for  Genomic Research. Dr Sutter has been a major collaborator in the project  Estrogen and Breast Bancer and has been one of the members of the consortium  created for the breast Cancer Center of Excellence funded by the Department of  Defense.<br /><a href="http://biology.memphis.edu/tsutter.html" target="top">more</a></p>';

var Tx = '<p class=\"h3content\">Texas</p><p><span class="h3content"><strong>Southwestern Medical</strong> <strong>School</strong></span></p><b>David M. Euhus, MD, FACS</b><p>Dr. Euhus is collaborating with Dr Russo on the Nci Prevention Trial [R21 Ca 124522-01 (FCCC  IRB Protocol #06-827)] Genomic Markers Of Breast Cancer Prevention Induced By  Hcg In Women At High Risk. The primary objective of this study is to establish  the proof of principle that treatment of asymptomatic nulliparous women  carriers of BRCA1 germline mutations with recombinant human chorionic  gonadotropin will change their breast epithelium’s genomic profile to one  similar to that identified in women with a history of early full first term  pregnancy.<br />See <a href="/bcrl/publications.html">Publications 1975-2008</a><br /><a href="http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/findfac/professional/0,2356,20095,00.htm" target="top">More</a></p>';

var Va = '<p class=\"h3content\">Virginia</p><p class="h3content"><strong>University of Virginia</strong></p><p><strong>Richard Santen, MD</strong>, is Professor of Internal Medicine and Assoc.  Dir. (Clin. Res., Cancer Center) at the University  of Virginia School of Medicine.  Dr. Santen  has been has been a mayor  collaborator in the project Estrogen and Breast Cancer and has been one of the  members of the consortium created for the Breast Cancer Center of Excellence,  funded by the Department of Defense.<br /><a href="http://myprofile.cos.com/rjs5yvirginiaed" target="top">more</a></p>';

var Arg = '<p class=\"h3content\">Argentina</p><p><strong>Claudia  Lanari, PhD</strong><strong> </strong><br />Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis Hormonal<br />Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental<br />Vuelta de Obligado 2490<br />1428 Buenos Aires<br />Argentina<br />54 11 4783-2869 Int 239</p><p>The Instituto de Biología  y Medicina Experimental has a long standing interaction with the BCRL for their  common interest in hormonal carcinogenesis.   Victoria Wargon, a staff of Dr. Lanari’s laboratory, has been a <a href="/bcrl/biographies/visiting_scholars.html">visiting  research scholar</a> in our laboratory working on the methylation status of  progesterone and estrogen receptors in a murine model of mammary tumorigenesis.</p><p><strong>Emilio Sojo,   MD</strong><br />Buenos Aires<br /></p><p>Dr. Sojo is  collaborating with the BCRL in the area preventive of HCG’s effect on mammary  carcinogenesis. <br /><a href="http://www.emiliosojo.com">More</a></p><p><strong>Laura Roig Vargas, MD</strong><br />  Consejo Regional de Investigaciones  Científicas y Técnicas<br />Mendoza, Argentina</p><p>The Consejo Regional  de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas has a longstanding interaction with  the BCRL for their common interest in breast cancer.</p>';

var Bra = '<p class="h3content"><strong>1) State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil</strong> </p><p><strong>Maria Luiza S. Mello, PhD</strong>  from the Dept. of Cell Biology – IB,UNICAMP - State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil. Dr Mello is a major collaborator in the project estrogen and breast cancer</p><p><strong><a href="http://www.ib.unicamp.br/profs/vidal/sumula.html" target="top">Benedicto C. Vidal, PhD</a></strong> from the Dept. of Cell Biology – IB, UNICAMP - State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil. Dr Vidal is a major collaborator in the project estrogen and breast cancer</p><p class="h3content"><strong>2) University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil</strong></p><p><strong><a href="http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.jsp?id=K4799356A9" target="top">Daniel Tiezzi, MD, PhD</a></strong>,<br />Hospital das Clínicas <br />Ribeirão Preto School of  Medicine - University   of São Paulo<br />Gynecology  and Obstetrics Department <br />- Breast disease and Gynecologic Oncology Unit</p><p>Dr. Tiezzi is collaborating with Dr Russo’s  laboratory on the study of the epithelial mesenchymal transition during the  neoplastic transformation of human breast epithelial cells by estrogen. He is  also involved in the <a href="/bcrl/publications/publications_2007.html">study</a> of the genomic profile of the breast in parous and  nulliparous postmenopausal women.</p><p class="h3content"><strong>4) Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil</strong></p><p><strong>Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da Silva, MD, PhD</strong>, is head of the Molecular Gynecology Laboratory in the Federal University  of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.  Dr. da Silva is a major contributor and long lasting collaborator with the  BRCL. He is engaged in the project : Use of r-hCG in Women with Primary Breast  Cancer.</p>';

var Chile = '<p class=\"h3content\">Chile</p><p><b>Horacio B. Croxatto, MD</b>, <br />Instituto Chileno de Medicina Reproductiva, <br />ICMER</p><p>Dr. Croxato’s main area of interest is in determining  whether the  human blastocyst secretes  several chemical messengers prior to implantation which, acting on endometrial  cells in a paracrine manner, elicite changes in the transcriptome and proteome  that are partially specific to each messenger and to each cell phenotype. His  collaboration with the BCRL is in the study of the trasncriptoma that will  provide information as to why the endometrium is more receptive to blastocyst  attachment and trophectoderm invasion.   The mechanism of invasion and its role in metastasis in breast cancer  is  one of the main <a href="/bcrl/publications/publications_2008.html">research projects</a>  conducted at the BCRL.<b><br /></b><a href="http://www.icmer.org" target="top">More</a></p>';

var WI = '<p  class=\"h3content\">West   Indies</p><p><strong>Francisco J. Martinez M.D., Ph.,D</strong> <br />Associate Professor  of Pathology<br /><a href="http://www.rossu.edu/" target="top">Ross&nbsp;University</a>   School of&nbsp;Medicine <br />Commonwealth of Dominica, West Indies. </p><p>Dr. Martinez has been  a longstanding collaborator with the BCRL in the study of hormone response,  mainly of estrogen in primary breast tissue using organ culture.<br /><a href="http://www.rossu.edu/medical-school/" target="top">Ross University School of Medicine</a></p>';

var Ice = '<p class=\"h3content\">Iceland</p><p class="h3content"><strong>Icelandic Tumor Registry, </strong></p><p><strong>Laufey  Tryggvadóttir, MD</strong> is a senior member of the Icelandic Tumor  Register, Reykjavik , Iceland. Dr. Tryggvadóttir, is a  major collaborator in the study of Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Prevention.</p>';


var Nor = '<p class=\"h3content\">Norway</p><p class="h3content"><strong>University of Tromso in Norway</strong></p><p><strong>Inger Gram, MD, Ph.D.</strong>, Professor of the  University of Tromsö, Norway. Dr. Gram is a major  collaborator in the study of Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Prevention.</p>';


var Swe = '<p class=\"h3content\">Sweden</p><p class="h3content"><strong>Lulea</strong></p><p><strong>Pal Bordas, MD</strong>, Senior radiologist, head of the Department of Mammography at Sunderby Hospital, Luleå, and of the Norrbotten Mammography Screening Program. Dr. Bordas is the clinical investigator of the research project involving characterization and validation of genomic expression signature of pregnancy. This study is sponsored by the Avon Foundation and performed in collaboration with New York University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Environmental Medicine, New York NY (GSP). The genomic signature of pregnancy will be validated in a separate test group of ever-pregnant versus never-pregnant women from the same study population. <br />See <a href="/bcrl/projects/project11.html">Characterization and Validation of Genomic Expression Signature of Pregnancy</a>. <a href="http://www.nll.se/hg2.aspx?id=51910" target="top">More</a></p><p class="h3content"><strong>Umea</strong></p><p><strong>Per Lenner, MD</strong>, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, University Hospital, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden<br />Dr. Lenner is the clinical investigator in the research project of characterization and validation of genomic expression signature of pregnancy. This study is sponsored by the Avon Foundation and performed in collaboration with New York University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Environmental, Medicine, New York NY (GSP). The genomic signature of pregnancy will be validated in a separate test group of pregnant versus never-pregnant women from the same study population. <br />See <a href="/bcrl/projects/project11.html">Characterization and Validation of Genomic Expression Signature of Pregnancy</a></p><p class="h3content"><strong>Stockholm</strong></p><p><strong>Gunnar Söderqvist MD, PhD</strong>, Senior consultant. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska University hospital solna, Box 140, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. The BCRL has established a collaboration with Dr. Söderqvist, who performs genomic studies in fine needle aspiration of the breast of women hormonally treated.</p><p><strong>Bo von Schoultz, MD</strong>, Professor, Chairman, Department of Woman and Child Health, Division for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet/Hospital, SE- 171 76  Stockholm, Sweden<br />The BCRL has established a collaboration with Dr. von Schoultz, who performs genomic studies in fine needle aspiration of the breast of women treated with recombinant hCG.</p>';


var Be = '<p class=\"h3content\">Belgium</p><p class="h3content"><strong>University of Hasselt, Belgium</strong></p><p><strong>Jaak Ph. Janssens, MD, PhD,</strong> is the Chairman of  the European Cancer Prevention Organization, Hasselt, Belgium.  Dr Janssens is a major collaborator in the project: Use of r-hCG in Women with  Primary Breast Cancer.</p>';

var Fr = '<p  class=\"h3content\">France</p><p><b>Prof. Anne Gompel, MD</b><br />INSERM (UMRS 893)<br />Unité de gynécologie endocrinienne<br />Hôtel-Dieu de Paris<br />1 Place du Parvis Notre-Dame 75004. </p><p>Dr. Gompel has a longstanding collaboration with the BCRL for the study of the human breast  development and the response of primary epithelial cells in culture to hormonal  treatment. <a href="/bcrl/history/history3.html">More</a>  <br /><a href="http://www.univ-paris5.fr/" target="top">University Paris  Descartes</a><br /><a href="http://www.aphp.fr/" target="top">APHP Hôtel-Dieu de Paris</a></p>';

var Sp = '<p class=\"h3content\">Spain</p><p><strong>Pedro  J. Gutierrez, PhD</strong><br />Professor, Dept. of Economic Theory<br />Business and Economics  School<br />University of Valladolid<br />Valladolid, Spain. </p><p>Dr. Gutierrez is  collaborating with the BCRL to develop a new method for the mathematical  formulation of cancer. The project applies   Optimal Control Theory, mainly used in Economics and Engineering, to  analyze and describe biological behaviors. This approach assumes that in a  biological phenomenon where several bio-entities are involved, the behavior of  each bio-entity is in part autonomous and in part dependent on the behavior of  the other bio-entities. Given these characteristics, optimal control theory  appears as the most appropriate approach to study biological phenomena. In  essence, optimal control theory considers the problem of achieving an objective  subject to some external constraints. The basic idea is to consider that the  objective is the goal of the bio-entity (the autonomous component of the  behavior), and that the constraints describe the influence of the other  bio-entities. On this basis, the researchers have built two models. The first  model, an organ  genesis model, allows  the main characteristics of this process to be replicated, in particular the  simultaneous growth of organs, the existence of limit steady sizes, and the  role of the complimentarity between organ functions. Additionally, the model  explains a wide variety of growth curves, including sigmoid growth curves. The  second model, a tumor formation model, is also able to mathematically reproduce  the observed behavior of tumors. More specifically, the proposed optimal  control model agrees with medical and biological findings, and allows the role  of the  tumor main characteristics to be  quantified and clarified. In particular, the tumor formation model explains the  existence of malignant and benign tumors, identifies two malignancy conditions  that rest on the angiogenesis and anaplasia characteristics of the tumor,  explains the observed different types of malignant tumors on the basis of these  malignancy conditions, concludes that angiogenesis is specially significant in  determining malignancy, and obtains a wide variety of tumor growth curves  including the sigmoid growth curve. In future steps, the research project will  apply the models to the design of optimal therapies.<br /><a href="http://www2.eco.uva.es/pedrojos" target="top">More</a></p><p><strong>Eduardo Escrich, PhD<br /></strong>Professor, Department Biol.  Cel.<br />Fisiol. i Immunol. Fac. Medicina<br />Universitat Autònoma  de Barcelona<br />08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona),   Spain. </p><p>Dr. Escrich is a long-time collaborator of the BCRL. Dr. Escrich was a Visiting Scholar in Dr.  Russos’ laboratory performing genomic studies in the rat mammary gland of  animals exposed to different dietary conditions. Dr. Raquel Moral, a member off  Dr. Escrich’s laboratory staff, has been a postdoctoral fellow under the NCI and  NIEHS Grant UO1 ES012771 from 2004 to 2006. During her tenure Dr. Moral  performed <a href="/bcrl/publications/publications_2008.html">studies</a> in the role of xenoestrogens in the genomic signature of the  rat mammary gland.</p>';

var Tur = '<p class=\"h3content\">Turkey</p><p><strong>Hilal  Kocdor, Md, PhD</strong><br />Dokuz Eylul  University<br />Institute of Oncology<br />Muzaffer Kayhan<br />Oncology hospital <br />35340 Inciralti / Izmir/ <br />Turkey</p><p><strong>Mehmet Kocdor, MD</strong><br />Dokuz Eylul University<br />School of Medicine, <br />Department of Surgery<br />35340  Inciralti / Izmir/ Turkey</p><p>Drs. Hilal and Mehmet Kocdor are active  collaborators in the BCRL  and were  <a href="/bcrl/biographies/visiting_scholars.html">visiting scholars</a>  in 2008. <br /><a href="http://web.deu.edu.tr/dedog/" target="top">More</a></p>';


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